Stochastic Modelling for Energy Efficiency in LTE-A and LTE-5G Networks

Energy efficiency in User Equipment (UE) is one of the major issues for limited sources of power in the device. It is critical for the UE to maximize its energy efficiency for both LTE-A and LTE-5G networks. To obtain the energy efficiency from LTE-A and LTE-5G networks, we have developed three stochastic models, namely the Markov model and semi-Markov model, for the UE based on the states of discontinuous reception (DRX) mechanism and Markov regenerative process (MRGP) for the Modified DRX mechanism. Explicit expressions are derived for steady-state system size probabilities for all the models. Further, based on the states of DRX mechanism, energy saving in the UE is computed and sensitivity analysis is performed for the Markov and semi-Markov models. For the MRGP model, we have obtained the system’s optimal energy saving and throughput by optimizing the maximum short sleep and short sleep duration. To get the energy efficiency for LTE-5G networks, the trade-off between average energy consumption/energy saving and throughput is shown. Further, our analysis of DRX mechanism and conclusion on its performance can be designed and implemented to an extension for the existing DRX mechanism. We believe that, these models can also be extended to study the energy saving of hardware and other components of the system.